Y-DNA Haplogroup E and its Subclades - 2013
The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the Main Page.   Directions for citing the document are given at the bottom of the Main Page.
Version History     Last revision date for this specific page: 5 December 2013

Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and ISOGG does its best to keep the tree updated with the latest developments in the field. The viewer may observe other versions of the tree on the Web. Email Alice Fairhurst if the differences need clarification or if you find any broken links on this page.

LINKS:  Main Page   Y-DNA Tree Trunk   SNP Index   Papers/Presentations Cited   Glossary   Listing Criteria
CLADE/SUBCLADE SYMBOLS:  Added  Redefined 
SNP SYMBOLS:  Not on 2012 tree  Confirmed within subclade  Provisional  Private  Investigation 

E   L339, L504/PF1803, L507/PF1874, L511, L537/PF1507, L614/PF1898/YSC0000032, L856,
       M40/SRY4064/SRY8299, M96/PF1823, P29/PF1643, P150/PF1704, P152/PF1646, P154,
       P155/PF1687, P156, P162/PF1496, P168, P169/Page54, P170/PF1656, P171/PF1903,
       P172/PF1510, P173, P174, P175, P176/PF1678
�    E*   -
�    E1   P147/PF1938
�   �    E1*   -
�   �    E1a   CTS2808/L633, M33, M132
�   �    �    E1a*   -
�   �    �    E1a1   M44
�   �    �    E1a2   P110
�   �    �    E1a3   L94
�   �    �    E1a4   L133/Page74
�   �   ; E1b   P177/PF1939
�   �    �    E1b*   -
�   �    �    E1b1   DYS391p, P2/PF1940/PN2, P178, P179, P180/PF1941, P181
�   �    �   �    E1b1*   -
�   �    �   �    E1b1a   L222.1, TSC0077541/V38, V100
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1   CTS3105, CTS3989, CTS4350, CTS4415, CTS5539, CTS6474, CTS7095,
                                           CTS7641, CTS8068, CTS8123, CTS8443/TSC0769719, CTS8936,
                                           CTS9188, CTS9338, CTS10066, CTS10638, CTS10806,
                                           CTS11461/KHS1479188, CTS11579, CTS11729, DYS271/M2/SY81,
                                           L488, L491, L494, L608, L610
, M291, P1/PN1, P46, P189, P293,
                                           PAGES00106, TSC0424987, V43, V95, Z1101, Z1107, Z1116, Z1120,
                                           Z1122, Z1123, Z1124, Z1125, Z1127, Z1130, Z1133, Z1135
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a   L576/TSC0860384
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1   CTS1847, CTS3576, CTS10914, CTS10659,
                                                        CTS11732/KHS1381212, CTS12659
, L86.1, M180/P88, P182,
                                                        Page66, Z1111, Z1132
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1a   M58, Page27
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1b   M116.2
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1c   M149
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1d   M155
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1e   M10, M66, M156, M195
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f    L485
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1   L514
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a   M191/P86, U186, P253/U247, TSC1640819/Z1712.1
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1a1   P252/U174
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a1a   P9.2
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a1b   P115
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a1c   P116
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1a1c*   -
�   �     �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1a1c1   P113
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1a1d   CTS8030/Z1704
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1f1b   L515, L516, L517, M263.2
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1b*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1f1b1   Z1893
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g   U175
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1g*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1g1   P277, P278.1, U209
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1a   U290
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1g1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1g1a1   U181
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1a1a   L97
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1a1a1g1a2   Z1725
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1b   P59
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1c   M154
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1g1d   V39
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1a1a1h   P268, P269
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1a2   M329
�   �    �   �    E1b1b   M215/Page40/PF1942
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1b*   -
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1   M35.1
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a   V68
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1   L18, M78/PF2186
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1a   Z1902
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1a1   V12/Z1216
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1a1a   M224
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1a1b   V32
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1a2   PF2272/V65
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b   Z1919, Z1920
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1   L618
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b1a   L142.1, L542/PF2220, PF2211/V13, PF2210/V36,
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a1   V27
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a2   P65_1, P65_2, P65_3
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a3   L17
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a4   DYS643-null/L143
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a5   M35.2
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a6   L241
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a7   L250, L251, L252
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b1a8   L540
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1a1b2   CTS9547/L677, V22
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b2*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b2a   M148
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b2b   V19
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1b2c   L674, L675
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1a1c   M521
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b   CTS1243/Z827
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b1   L19/V257, L335/PF2300, M310/PF2402
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b1a   M81/PF2554
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b1a1   M107
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b1a2   M183/Page33
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b1a2*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b1a2a    M165
�   �    �   �    �   �   �    E1b1b1b2   Z830
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a   M123/PF2023
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2a1   M34/PF2022
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a1*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a1a   M84, L29/Page47
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2a1a*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2a1a1   M136
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a1b   M290
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a1c   V23  (V23 relationship to M84 and M290 uncertain)
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2a1d   L791, L792
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2b   M293
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2b*   -
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    �    E1b1b1b2b1   P72
�   �    �   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1b2c    V42
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1c   V6
�   �    �   �    �   �    E1b1b1d   V92
�   �    �   �    �    E1b1b2   M281, V16
�   �    �    E1b2   P75
�    E2   M75, P68
�   �    E2*   -
�   �    E2a   M41/P210
�   �    E2b   M54, M90, M98
�   �    �    E2b*   -
�   �    �    E2b1   M85
�   �    �   �    E2b1*   -
�   �    �   �    E2b1a   M200
�   �    �   �    �    E2b1a*    -
�   �    �   �    �    E2b1a1   P45
�   �    �   �    �    E2b1a2   P258

Private SNPs are being removed from the tree and placed in the following category:
Private SNPs - After having been investigated, these SNPs have not met the population distribution criteria for placement on the tree. Either too few confirmed positive testers have been found OR multiple confirmed testers were confined to either a single surname or to a small group of related males.

SNPs under Investigation - Additional testing is needed to confirm adequate positive samples and/or correct placement on the tree.

NOTES:

Y-DNA haplogroup E would appear to have arisen in northern hemisphere of Africa based on the concentration and variety of E subclades in that area today. E1b1 is by far the lineage of greatest geographical distribution. It has two major sub-lineages, E1b1a and E1b1b. E1b1a is a lineage that originated and expanded from West or Central Africa to Eastern Africa and Southern Africa. E1b1b probably evolved either in Northeast Africa or the Near East and then expanded to the west--both north and south of the Mediterranean Sea. E1b1b1 clusters are seen today in Western Europe, Southeast Europe, the Near East, Northeast Africa and Northwest Africa. E2 is possibly of Central African origin and is spread in low frequencies across the continent. The Cruciani articles (references and links below) are indispensable resources for understanding the structure of this complicated haplogroup, but note that the Cruciani haplogroup labels are now superseded because of the recently discovered new SNPS that lie closer to the root of the E branch of the Y-haplogroup Tree.

A caution on clade labels: Because knowledge of this branch of the Y-chromosome tree has advanced so quickly in the last few years, different clade labels can be found in current use for the same SNP-determined branch of the tree. For example, it is still common to see E3b1 and E3b2 used to distinguish between the M78 and M81 branches of the tree though greater resolution is now possible.

References:

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Shen et al, Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli Populations from Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation. (pdf) Human Mutation, 24:248-260, 2004.
Sims et al, Sub-Populations Within the Major European and African Derived Haplogroups R1b3 and E3a Are Differentiated by Previously Phylogenetically Undefined Y-SNPs. Human Mutation: Mutation in Brief #940, Online, 2007.
Trombetta et al, A New Topology of the Human Y Chromosome Haplogroup E1b1 (E-P2) Revealed through the Use of Newly Characterized Binary Polymorphisms. PLoS ONE 6(1), Online, 2011.
Valone et al, Y SNP Typing of African-American and Caucasian Samples Using Allele-Specific Hybridization and Primer Extension. (pdf) Journal of Forensic Science, 49:4, July 2004.
Zhao et al, Presence of Three Different Paternal Lineages among North Indians: A Study of 560 Y Chromosomes. (abstract) Annals of Human Biology, 36(1):46-59, 2009.

Additional Resources:

ISOGG Wiki - What you need to know about Genetic Genealogy.
E1a - (M33, M132) Project.
Haplogroup E1b1a (E1b1a1-M2), Roberta Estes.
The African DNA Project (E1b1a), Dr. Ana Oquendo Pabon.
Arabian E Y-DNA Project (E1b1).
E-M35 Project (formerly the E3b Project) (E1b1b1), Bill Harvey, Denis Savard, Victor Villarreal.
E-M35 Project - New SNP Tracker.
The E-M35 Phylogeny Project, Victor Villareal.
Double Helix Forums, E-M35 community.

Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2013:

Contact Person for Haplogroup E: Aaron R. Brown.

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