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Company 23andMe Family Tree DNA’s Family Finder test Ancestry.com's AncestryDNA test National Geographic Genographic Project Geno 2.0 Next Generation test Chromo2 Complete test
Primary purpose for which the test was designed Medical
Genealogical
Personal Ancestry 		Genealogical
Personal Ancestry (Autosomal only) 		Genealogical
Personal Ancestry (Autosomal only) 		Population Genetics Research
Personal Ancestry (Autosomal)
Personal Ancestry (Y-DNA)
Personal Ancestry (mtDNA) 		Personal Ancestry (Autosomal)
Personal Ancestry (Y-DNA)
Personal Ancestry (mtDNA)
Website www.23andme.com; www.23andMe.ca; www.23andme.co.uk www.familytreedna.com http://dna.ancestry.com https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com www.britainsdna.com; www.cymrudnawales.com; www.irelandsdna.com; www.scotlandsdna.com
Price (as of 21 August 2015) $99 for the lifetime of the platform in the U.S. (ancestry only; health reports discontinued in November 2013); CAD $199 or £125 for health and ancestry reports (Canada and UK only at this time) $99 (£65) for the lifetime of the platform $99 in the U.S.; £99 in the UK and Ireland; AUS $149.00 in Australia and New Zealand, CAD $149 in Canada (an Ancestry subscription is required to access some features) $199.95 (£127) $369 US (£220 or €269) for females (includes mtDNA); $399 US (£250 or €309) for males (includes Y-DNA and mtDNA)
Shipping charges $14.95 for the first kit and $5 per kit for additional kits in the U.S.; CAD $19.95 for Canada; included in the cost of the test for the UK; price for other countries varies, but tends to range between $66.95 and $94.95. See Shipping DNA kits for further info. $9.95 for the USA and for international orders (prepaid return postage is included for US kits) ((£6.55 UK)[1] $9.95 per kit; £20 UK and Ireland and £10 for additional kits (includes prepaid return postage); AUS $29.99 Australia and New Zealand; CAD $19.95 Canada None for the U.S.; $10 for Canada; $20 (£13) for Europe and Australia; $50 for all other countries None
International product availability 56 countries Worldwide United States, United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand only at this time Worldwide Worldwide
Method for collecting the DNA sample saliva sample (about 1 cc) cheek swab saliva sample (about 1/2 cc) cheek swab saliva sample
DNA sample storage Yes, indefinitely Yes, for a minimum of 25 years Yes, indefinitely Yes, for 25 years if the free transfer to FTDNA is used Yes, indefinitely
Projects supported No Yes No Yes if data is transferred to Family Tree DNA database No
Means of contacting people who share matching segments Contact may be made after seeing your list of matches in DNA Relatives or Ancestry Finder; the matches must be willing to share genomes with you if you are to see what segments you share with your matches E-mail addresses of all matches are available Contact can be made through Ancestry.com’s messaging system No, but stories about one's Y patrilineal and matrilineal ancestry can be posted on the web site for others to view, so add your contact information to them. No
Average responsiveness of matches Fairly low Medium to Fairly high Medium Not applicable Not applicable
Average level of genealogical knowledge of matches Fairly low Fairly high Medium Not applicable Not applicable
GEDCOM file upload allowed Yes Yes Link is created to Ancestry.com pedigree charts No No
Upload of raw data file allowed from other companies No Yes, but 23andMe Version 3 files (c. November 2010 to November 2013) and Ancestry.com files only No No No
Upload of raw data file allowed by GEDmatch into the GEDmatch database Yes Yes Yes No No
SNP chip used for testing Customized Illumina chip Illumina OmniExpress Illumina OmniExpress Customized Illumina OmniExpress Customized Illumina Core chip
Number of autosomal SNPs tested 577,382 708,092 682,549 700,000[2] 290,169
Number of Y chromosome SNPS 2329 None 885 (labeled as chromosome 24) ~20,000[3] 14,497
Number of X chromosome SNPS 19,487 18,091 17,604 (labeled as chromosome 23), plus 440 SNPs labeled as chromosome 25 that are either from chromosome X or from the pseudoautosomal regions of the Y chromosome ~4000[4] None
Number of mitochondrial DNA SNPS 3154 None None ~4000 positions on the mtDNA genome[5] 3142
Number of people in the database (as of 17 July 2015) 1,000,000 About 150,000 1,000,000 200,196 for Geno 2.0; none for Geno 2.0 Next Generation over 10,000
Source for number of people in the database e-mail message from 23andMe to its customers on 18 June 2015 personal estimate by Tim Janzen 17 July 2015 message from Ancestry.com posted on the Ancestry.com website 17 Mar 2015 e-mail from Miguel Vilar personal estimate by Tim Janzen
Medically related SNP data included in data Yes Yes, but about 3000 medically related SNPs have been removed Yes No Yes
Download of raw data file allowed Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Information about the matching segments shared with customers and available for download Yes (if the match is willing to share genomes) Yes for all matches No Not applicable Not applicable
Chromosome browser available for comparison of shared segments Yes, using the Family Inheritance: Advanced tool Yes, using the Chromosome Browser tool No Yes, if data is transferred to the Family Tree DNA database Not applicable
Chromosome browser can be adjusted to different thresholds for matching segments No Yes, with thresholds of 1 cM, 3 cMs, 5 cMs, and 10 cMs No Not applicable Not applicable
Maximum number of comparisons that can be done at a time using the chromosome browser 5 5 None Not applicable Not applicable
Criteria for matching segments 7 cMs and at least 700 SNPs for first segment; 5 cMs and 700 SNPs for additional segments and for people you are sharing with 7.69 cMs and at least 500 SNPs for the first segment and a total of at least 20 cMs (including the shorter matching segments between 1 cM and 7 cMs) 5 cMs for the first segment Not applicable Not applicable
Information about the start and stop positions of matching segments Start and stop positions are rounded to the nearest millionth base pair in Family Inheritance: Advanced and nearest hundred thousandth pair in Ancestry Finder Start and stop positions are rounded to the nearest complete block of 100 SNPs Not Provided Not applicable Not applicable
Information reported about the lengths of matching segments Lengths of matching segments reported in cMs and rounded to the nearest tenth of a cM Lengths of matching segments reported in cMs and rounded to the nearest hundredth of a cM Not provided Yes, if data is transferred to Family Tree DNA Not applicable
Information provided regarding the number of SNPs in each matching segment Yes Yes No Not applicable Not applicable
Information about matching segments on the X chromosome reported Yes Yes No Yes, if data is transferred to Family Tree DNA Not applicable
Criteria for matching segments on the X chromosome For half-IBD segments: Male vs male: 200 SNPs, 1 cM; male vs female: 600 SNPs, 6 cMs; female vs female: 1200 SNPs, 6 cMs; For full-IBD segments: 500 SNPs, 5 cMs 1 cM and 500 SNPs for both males and females; matches must already meet the autosomal DNA matching criteria Unknown Not applicable Not applicable
Information about mitochondrial DNA matches reported No No No Yes, for those who have completed their profile about their matrilineal ancestry No
Integrated genealogy database available to which customers may link No, but Geni.com tree is on the MyHeritage website Yes, to FamilySearch Family Tree No, but OneWorldTree is on the Ancestry.com web site Yes, if data is transferred to Family Tree DNA No
Biogeographical ancestry analysis Yes, using Ancestry Composition, Global Similarity, Ancestry Finder features Yes, using the My Origins feature Yes, using the Genetic Ethnicity feature Yes, using the "Who Am I" feature Yes, using Global Connections, Population Percentage, and Chromosome Painting features
Chromosomes painted according to ethnic or regional ancestry as part of the biogeographical ancestry analysis Yes, using Ancestry Composition's Chromosome View No No No Yes, using Chromosome Painting
Overall accuracy and sophistication of the biogeographical ancestry analysis rated on a 1-10 scale with 10 being excellent and 1 being poor Overall rating: 7
The Ancestry Composition feature offers a map view which displays one's ancestral components from various regions of the world as of 500 years ago, a split view for those who also have one or both parents who have been tested by 23andMe, and a breakdown by chromosone. Three settings are available: conservative, standard, and speculative. Overall accuracy is reasonably good, but predictions in Europe are still not optimal, particularly in the speculative mode. Ancestry Finder provides a breakdown of one's ancestry by country. 		Overall rating: 3.5
The MyOrigins analysis is much improved over FTDNA's previous Population Finder analysis. However, it still lacks specificity, particularly for Europe. No chromosome painting feature is available. 		Overall rating: 3
The Genetic Ethnicity Summary consistently overestimates the Central European and Scandinavian ancestral components for people whose ancestors were from the British Isles. The ancestral component from the British Isles is overestimated for people whose ancestors were from continental Europe. Overall, the European ancestry predictions tend to be inaccurate. 		Overall rating: 2.5
(Note: This review relates to the former Geno 2.0 test. Results are not yet available for Geno 2.0 Next Generation.) Since a relatively limited number of autosomal SNPs are available for analysis, the biogeographical ancestry analysis is somewhat limited relative to other similar tools, particularly relative to Ancestry Composition. The two closest reference populations are given for each person who is tested. However, these predictions, particularly the second closest reference population, are frequently inaccurate. 		Overall rating: 3.5
The All My Ancestry feature provides the percentages of one's ancestral components from various regions of the world as of about 3000 to 6000 years ago. Chromosome painting and a detailed principal components analysis by region of the world is also provided. The number of autosomal SNPs available for analysis is somewhat limited, which reduces the specificity of the biogeographical ancestry analysis relative to other similar tools, particularly relative to Ancestry Composition.
Phased data used for determining matching segments No No Yes Not applicable Not applicable
Phased segments linked to specific ancestors No No No No No
Average number of autosomal SNPs with discrepant data using two parent/one child trio datasets About 335 About 210 to 220 Unknown Unknown Unknown
Link can be made to confirm known relationships Yes Yes No No No
Special features Ancestry Composition, Ancestry Finder, Neanderthal Ancestry, Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry tool, Y and mtDNA haplogroups provided for people you are sharing with Customers can integrate their matches with the Y chromosome and mitochondrial DNA results. Family Finder matrix is available for project administrators. Comparison of overlap of ancestral origins between matches and automatic identification of common ancestors, surnames and birth places between matches' family trees N.B. This information relates to the original Geno 2.0. Further details are awaited for Geno 2.0 Next Gen. There are approximately 75,000 Ancestry Informative Markers from about 450 populations around the world that are included on the test. About 10,000 of the Y chromosome SNPs included on the test have not previously been tested in large populations. Neanderthal and Denisovan ancestral percentages are provided. Most of the 14,497 Y chromosome SNPs included on the test have not previously been tested in large populations.
Online Community Forum Yes Yes Yes Yes No
Lead scientists in the company Joanna Mountain, Brian Naughton, Steve Lemon Connie Bormans Ken Chahine, Catherine Ball, Scott Woodward, Jake Byrnes Miguel Vilar Jim Wilson, Angelika Kritz, Katie Barnes
Outside consultants for the company Itsik Pe’er, Peter Underhill, Serafim Batzoglou, George Church, Michael Eisen, Marcus Feldman, Daphne Koller, Stanley Nelson, Jonathan Pritchard Michael Hammer, Bruce Walsh, Doron Behar, Theodore Schurr, Alan Redd Philip Awadalla, Jeffrey Botkin, Carlos Bustamante, Mark Daly, John Novembre, Brenna Henn Connie Bormans, Eran Elhaik, Thomas Krahn, Elliott Greenspan Unknown
Ownership Privately held by various investors, particularly Anne Wojcicki, Johnson & Johnson Development Corp., The Roche Venture Fund, Google Ventures, and New Enterprise Associates Gene by Gene As of January 2013 owned by the European equity firm Permira National Geographic Society
a Non-profit scientific and educational society 		The Moffat Partnership Directors include Alistair Moffat and James Wilson
Additional information about the test See: See: See: See: See:
Additional DNA testing options available from the company No, not at this time Yes, multiple options for Y chromosome STR and SNP testing, complete or partial mitochondrial DNA testing, and complete genome testing No, not at this time (Ancestry previously offered Y-DNA and mtDNA tests but this option was discontinued in June 2014) No, not at this time No, not at this time
Address 1390 Shorebird Way, Mountain View, CA 94043 1445 North Loop West, Suite 820, Houston, TX 77008 360 W 4800 N Provo, UT 84604 1145 17th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. 20036-4688 Renwick Suite A, High St., Melrose, Scotland, United Kingdom, TD6 9PB
Phone Number Enter a ticket online at customer care for a call-back 713-868-1438 800-958-9124 (best for DNA related questions) or 800-262-3787 (in the U. S.); 0800-404-9723 (UK); 800-958-9073 (Canada); 800-252-838 (Australia) 888-557-4450 (in the U. S. or Canada) or 713-868-1807 0845-872-7634
E-mail address FTDNA Contact Form
Date product launched November 19, 2007 February 16, 2010 May 3, 2012 Geno 2.0: July 25, 2012; Geno 2.0 Next Generation: August 2015 June 14, 2013
  1. ↑ Editorial Staff. "Shipping DNA tests worldwide". Family Tree DNA Learning Center. Gene by Gene. https://www.familytreedna.com/learn/ftdna/shipping-dna-tests-to-international-destinations/. Retrieved 2014-05-15. 
  2. ↑ Full details of new test yet to be announced.
  3. ↑ Full details of new test yet to be announced.
  4. ↑ Full details of new test yet to be announced.
  5. ↑ Full details of new test yet to be announced.
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