Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2019-2020

Contact person for the ISOGG Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree: Ray Banks

Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2018
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2017
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2016
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2014
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2013
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2012
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2011
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2010
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2009
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2008
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2007
Link to Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2006

      The first phylogenetic chart to unify nomenclature was published in 2002 by the Y Chromosome Consortium (YCC). The 2003 Y-DNA phylogenetic chart appeared in Mark A. Jobling and Chris Tyler-Smith, The Human Y Chromosome: An Evolutionary Marker Comes of Age Nature Reviews|Genetics, Figure 5. In 2005 Family Tree DNA created the 2005 Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree. An ISOGG group was formed in November 2005 to create a web-based document using Richard Kenyon's style of an indented list which could be updated to keep pace with the rapid developments in the field.
      Current ISOGG members who work with the tree are: Coordinator: Katherine Borges. Content editors: Ray Banks, Owen Lu. Content persons liaison with experts from various reliable sources to determine what information is needed to amend the tree.
      The Y Haplogroup classification of the male Y-chromosome is currently used to estimate the population group of the paternal line. The haplogroups are identified by the letters, A through T. Haplogroups are subdivided into one or more levels, called subclades, and thus forming a tree. The Y-chromosome haplogroup is determined by performing a sequence of SNP tests.
      Each line lists a haplogroup or subclade in boldface, then one or more SNPs follow on the same line. For a sample to belong to a particular subclade, it must test positive for any one of the SNPs appearing on the line, providing positive results were obtained for its haplogroup and any intervening subclades.
      SNPs development indicated by beginning letters:
A = Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.), YSEQ.net, Berlin, Germany
ACT = Ancient-Tales Institute of Anthropology, Enlighten BioTech Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
AD = Dr. Mohammed Al Sharija, Ministry of Education (Kuwait)
AF = Fernando Mendez, Ph.D., University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
ALK = Ahmad Al Khuraiji
AM or AMM = Laboratory of Forensic Genetics and Molecular Archaeology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
B = Estonian Genome Centre
BY = Big Y testing (next generation sequencing) discovered with the BigY-500, Family Tree DNA, Houston, Texas
BZ = Q-M242 Project, Family Tree DNA, Houston, TX. SNPs named in honor of Barry Zwick.
CTS = Chris Tyler-Smith, Ph.D., The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, England
DC = Dál Cais, an Irish group believed to be descended from Cas, b. CE 347, related to SNP R-L226; Dennis Wright
DF = anonymous researcher using publicly available full-genome-sequence data, including 1000 Genomes Project data; named in honor of the DNA-Forums.org genetic genealogy community
E = Bulat Muratov
F = Li Jin, Ph.D., Fudan University, Shanghai, China
F* = Chuan-Chao Wang, Hui Li, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (Beginning letter F; second letter Haplogroup, i.e. FI is Fudan Haplogroup I)
FGC = Full Genomes Corp. of Virginia and Maryland
FT = Big Y testing (next generation sequencing)discovered with the Big Y-700, Family Tree DNA, Houston, Texas
G = Verónica Gomes, IPATIMUP Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto)
GG=Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
IMS-JST = Institute of Medical Science-Japan Science and Technology Agency
JD = David Stedman using Big Y and other NGS sources.
JFS = John Sloan
JN = Jakob Nortsedt-Moberg
K = Youngmin JeongAhn, Ph.D; Education: Seoul National University and the University of Arizona
KHS = Functional Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology
KL = Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
KMS = Segdul Kodzhakov; Albert Katchiev; Anatole Klyosov; Astrid Krahn; Thomas Krahn; Bulat Muratov; Chris Morley; Ramil Suyunov; Vadim Sozinov; Pavel Shvarev; SF "National clans DNA project"; EHP "Suyun" Ph.D. of Technical Science; Prof. Elsa Khusnutdinova, Sc.D. of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Human Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
L = Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.) formerly of Family Tree DNA's Genomics Research Center; snps named in honor of the late Leo Little
M = Peter Underhill, Ph.D. of Stanford University
MC = Christopher McCown, University of Florida; Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.), YSEQ.net, Berlin, Germany
MF = 23mofang BioTech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
MPB = Thomaz Pinotti and Fabrício R. Santos, Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Evolução Molecular (LBEM), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil
MZ = Hamma Bachir, Ph.D., E-M183 Project
N = The Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
NWT = Northwest Territory, Theodore G. Schurr, Ph.D., Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
P = Michael Hammer, Ph.D. of University of Arizona
Page, PAGES or PS = David C. Page, Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
PF = Paolo Francalacci, Ph.D., Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
PH = Pille Hallast, Ph.D., University of Leicester, Department of Genetics, United Kingdom
PK = Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Laboratories, Islamabad, Pakistan
PLE = Stanislaw Plewako, M. Sci, Baltic Sea DNA Project.
PR = Primate (gorilla and chimpanzee), Thomas Krahn's WTTY. Some sources have not provided new names when same mutation found independently in humans.
RC = Major Rory Cain, BA(hons), BEd, BSc.
S = James F. Wilson, D.Phil. at Edinburgh University
SA = South America, Theodore G. Schurr, Ph.D., Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
SK = Mark Stoneking, Ph.D., Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
SUR = Southern Ural; SF "National clans DNA project"; B.A. Muratov; EHP "Suyun" Ph.D. of Technical Sciences; Ramil Suyunov; Prof. E.K. Khusnutdinova, Sc.D. of Biological Sciences, Laboratory of Molecular Human Genetics, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Centre Russian Academy of Sciences; Alexander Zolotarev; Igor Rozhanskii; Bayazit Yunusbaev, Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences
TSC = Gudmundur A. Thorisson and Lincoln D. Stein, The SNP Consortium, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
U = Lynn M. Sims, University of Central Florida; Dennis Garvey, Ph.D. Gonzaga University; and Jack Ballantyne, Ph.D., University of Central Florida
V = Rosaria Scozzari and Fulvio Cruciani, Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Charles Darwin” , Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
VK = Viacheslav Kudryashov.
VL = Vladimir Volkov, Tomsk University, Russia
Y = Y Full Team (Russian) using data from published and commercial next-generation sequencing samples
YP = SNPs identified by citizen scientists from genetic tests, then submitted to the Y Full team for verification.
YSC = Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.) formerly of Family Tree DNA's Genomics Research Center
Z = Gregory Magoon, Ph.D., Richard Rocca, Vince Tilroe, David F. Reynolds, Bonnie Schrack, Peter M. Op den Velde Boots, Ray H. Banks, Roman Sychev, Victar Mas, Steve Fix, Christian Rottensteiner, Alexander R. Williamson, Ph.D., John Sloan and an anonymous individual, independent researchers of publicly available whole genome sequence datasets, and Thomas Krahn, MSc (Dipl.-Ing.), with support from the genetic genealogy community.
ZP = Peter M. Op den Velde Boots, David Stedman using Big Y and other NGS sources.
ZQ = Gabit Baimbetov, Nurbol Baimukhanov "ShejireDNA project" and other members of the project.
ZS = Gregory Magoon, Ph.D., Aaron Salles Torres from samples from Full Genomes and the Big Y.
ZW = Michael W. Walsh using Big Y.
ZZ = Alex Williamson. Mutations in palindromic regions. Each ZZ prefix represents two possible SNP locations.

Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2019:

• Added FT item to list of SNP names on 14 February 2019
• Added ALK item to list of SNP names on 14 June 2019

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Please cite this document as follows: International Society of Genetic Genealogy. Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2019, Version: [Number given at top of Main Page], Date: [Date given at top of Main Page], http://www.isogg.org/tree/ [Date of access: Day, Month, Year].

ISOGG Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree Coordinator: Katherine Hope Borges.