LINKS: Main Page Y-DNA Tree Trunk SNP Index Papers/Presentations Cited Glossary Listing Criteria |
CLADE/SUBCLADE SYMBOLS: Added Redefined |
SNP SYMBOLS: Not on 2008 tree Confirmed within subclade Provisional Private |
M P256
�
M* -
�
M1 M4, M5/P73,
M106, M186, M189, M296, P35
� �
M1* -
� �
M1a P34
� �
�
M1a* -
� �
�
M1a1 P51
� �
�
M1a2 P94
� �
M1b P87
� �
�
M1b* -
� �
�
M1b1 M104/P22
� �
� �
M1b1* -
� �
� �
M1b1a M16
� �
� �
M1b1b M83
�
M2 M353, M387
� �
M2* -
� �
M2a M177/SRY9138
�
M3 P117, P118
NOTES:
Y-DNA haplogroup M reaches its known peak in Papua New Guinea, totaling one-third to two-thirds of population.
References:
Cox M P & Lahr M M, Y-Chromosome Diversity Is Inversely Associated with Language Affiliation in Paired Austronesian- and Papuan-Speaking Communities from Solomon Islands. (pdf) American Journal of Human Biology, 18:35-50, 2006.Hurles et al,
European Y-Chromosomal Lineages in Polynesians: A Contrast to the Population
Structure Revealed by mtDNA. American Journal of Human Genetics, 63:1793-1806, 1998.
Hurles et al,
Y Chromosomal Evidence for the Origins of Oceanic-Speaking Peoples.
Genetics, 160:289-303, January 2002.
Karafet et al,
New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup
Tree. Abstract. Genome Research, published online April 2, 2008.
Supplementary Material.
Kayser et al,
Independent Histories of Human Y Chromosomes from Melanesia and Australia.
American Journal of Human Genetics, 68:173-190, 2001.
Kayser et al,
Melanesian and Asian Origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y-Chromosome Gradients across
the Pacific. MBE Advance Access published August 21, 2006.
Kayser et al,
Melanesian Origin of Polynesian Y Chromosomes.
Current Biology, Vol. 10, No. 20, September 2000.
Kayser et al.
Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New
Guinea. American Journal of Human Genetics, 72:281-302, 2003.
Mona et al,
Patterns of Y-chromosome Diversity Intersect with the Trans-New Guinea Hypothesis.
Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Sep 10; [Epub ahead of print]
Scheinfeldt et al,
Unexpected NRY Chromosome Variation in Northern Island Melanesia. (Link and comments from
Dienekes' Anthropological Blog) Society for Molecular Biology, 2006.
Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2009:
Contact Person for Haplogroup M: Phil Goff
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