Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2009
Version: 4.28   Date: 11 December 2009    Version History
ISOGG (International Society of Genetic Genealogy) is not affiliated with any registered, trademarked, and/or copyrighted names of companies, websites and organizations.
This Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree is for informational purposes only, and does not represent an endorsement by ISOGG.

      The first phylogenetic chart to unify nomenclature was published in 2002 by the Y Chromosome Consortium (YCC). The 2003 Y-DNA phylogenetic chart appeared in Mark A. Jobling and Chris Tyler-Smith, The Human Y Chromosome: An Evolutionary Marker Comes of Age Nature Reviews|Genetics, Figure 5. In 2005 Family Tree DNA created the 2005 Y-Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree. An ISOGG group was formed in November 2005 to create a web-based document using Richard Kenyon's style of an indented list which could be updated to keep pace with the rapid developments in the field.
      Current ISOGG members who work with the tree are: Coordinator: Alice Fairhurst. Design team: Bill Bailey, Richard Kenyon, Sasson Margaliot, Doug McDonald. Content experts: Whit Athey, Katherine Hope Borges, Rebekah Canada, Phil Goff, Gareth Henson, Charles Moore, Ana Oquendo Pabon, David F. Reynolds, Bonnie Schrack, Ann Turner, Victor Villarreal, Vincent Vizachero, David Wilson. Content experts liaison with experts from various DNA labs to determine what information is needed to amend the tree.
      The Y Haplogroup classification of the male Y-chromosome is currently used to estimate the population group of the paternal line. The haplogroups are identified by the letters, A through T. Haplogroups are subdivided into one or more levels, called subclades, and thus forming a tree. The Y-chromosome haplogroup is determined by performing a sequence of SNP tests.
      Each line lists a haplogroup or subclade in boldface, then one or more SNPs follow on the same line. For a sample to belong to a particular subclade, it must test positive for any one of the SNPs appearing on the line, providing positive results were obtained for its haplogroup and any intervening subclades.
      SNPs development indicated by beginning letters:
IMS-JST = Institute of Medical Science-Japan Science and Technology Agency
L = Thomas Krahn, MSC (Dipl. Ing.) of Family Tree DNA's Genomics Research Center; snps named in honor of the late Leo Little
M = Peter Underhill, Ph.D. of Stanford University
N = The Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
P = Michael Hammer, Ph.D. of University of Arizona
PK = Biomedical and Genetic Engineering Laboratories, Islamabad, Pakistan
S = James F. Wilson, D.Phil. at Edinburgh University
U = Lynn M. Sims, University of Central Florida; Dennis Garvey, Ph.D. Gonzaga University; and Jack Ballantyne, Ph.D., University of Central Florida
V = Rosaria Scozzari and Fulvio Cruciani, Universit� "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy

Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2009:

• None.

Back to Y-DNA Tree Trunk Back to SNP Index Back to Papers/Presentations Cited Back to Glossary Back to Listing Criteria Copyright 2009. International Society of Genetic Genealogy. All Rights Reserved.

Please cite this document as follows: International Society of Genetic Genealogy (2009). Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2009, Version: [Number given at top of Main Page], Date: [Date given at top of Main Page], http://www.isogg.org/tree/ [Date of access: Day, Month, Year].